1. Write down the contents of your computer’s ARP cache (see above procedure: Step 1). What is the meaning of each column value?
Answer: The Internet Address column represents the IP address of the computer at the network layer, the Physical Address column contains the MAC address to physically communicate with the hardware that is located at that IP address, and the Type column indicates whether it is changing (dynamic) or not (static).
2. Where in the ARP request does the “question” appear – the Ethernet address of the machine whose corresponding IP address is being queried? (see Wireshark).
Answer: The “question” appears in the ‘Target MAC address’.
3. Why is the ARP request message sent as broadcast (i.e. to all other devices), whereas the ARP reply is sent as a unicast directly to the sender device only? Explain.
Answer: ARP requests are sent as broadcast because the destination or the target device is yet unknown. Broadcasting will be faster and more efficient to look for the device that matches the address of the request. ARP replies are sent as unicast because a connection has been established between two devices, therefore direct communication can be formed.
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